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We will create a chord chart for each key in the major scale. This will show you each chord in a key and when to use sharps and when to use flats when you are transcribing music into tabs and chord sheets. Creating a chord chart in the major (Ionian) scale
This song is in the key of B. The contributor has tabbed out the chords of B, F♯, E, E♭m, C♯m and G♯m.
Why Are Some Of The Notes Flat, While Others Are Sharp?
When you are transcribing music in the major scale correctly, you will not have both sharp chords AND flat chords in the same key!
If you look at the key of B in the chart below, you can see there is no E♭m in that key. There is a D♯m. These two chords sound identical and are played the same way. It is known as an enharmonic equivalent when two chords look alike and sound alike but have a different name.
I am here to give you a basic understanding of what chords belong in any major key. I will teach you how to figure this out on your own from the ground up. Knowing how this is done will teach you why you cannot mix sharps and flats when you are writing music. Before we start building our chart, we will review some very basic things: 1. There are 7 different notes in a scale (and seven different chords in a key): C D E F G A B. Once we are done with the seventh note, we start over with the 8th note, known as the octave. The octave is the same as the first note: C D E F G A B C.2. Most of these notes will have sharps and flats that we can use. These are known as accidentals. For now, there is no B# or E# and no C♭ or F♭! If you look at the piano keyboard, you can see why. The B and C are right next to each other, as are the E and F. There are exceptions to this rule, but we will cover that later. 3. This will give us 12 notes to work with when we build our chords: C-C♯-D-D♯-E-F-F♯-G-G♯-A-A♯-B. We can also write this with flats instead, depending on the key: C-D♭-D-E♭-E-F-G♭-G-A♭-A-B♭-B
G# Absus4 Chord Position Variations
Whole Tones and Semitones Semitone A semitone (S) is the smallest musical interval commonly used in Western music. It is also referred to as a half step. A to A♯ is one semitone.
Whole Tone A whole tone (T) is made up of two semitones. It is also referred to as a whole step. A to B is one whole tone.
Let's build a chord chart! There are four things you need to know in order to start building a chord chart: 1. The key you are starting with. This part is easy. Just pick one! At the end of the tutorial, I will give you all the keys you can choose from. We will choose the key of A for our first chart. 2. From our key note, we need to know how many steps to go up. Sometimes we go up one semitone (S) and sometimes we go up a whole tone (T). Luckily, we have a pattern to follow for this. The pattern is T-T-S-T-T-T-S. Let's put that in our chart:
Music Theory For Beginners 2: Sharps, Flats And Key Changes
3. We also need to know is when to use a minor chord and when to use a major chord. There is also one diminished chord for every key, too. Since we are writing in the major scale, every key is going to start with a major chord and end with that same major chord. The pattern for this is M-mi-mi-M-M-mi-dim-M. We will add that too our chart, too.
4. The last thing we need to know is that, besides the octave, we can only have ONE of each letter of the alphabet in a key and that we put them in alphabetical order. This is the heart of why we cannot mix sharps and flats! Let's start with the letter A and write each letter, ending on A (the octave) again:
Now that we have our letters in place, we can start using our T-T-S-T-T-T-S pattern to put in our sharps or flats. We will work from the left to the right, starting with A. For now, we will be using sharps to move up to the next semitone. 1. We start with the A chord. The first step in our pattern is T which means we have to go up one whole Tone (two semitones): A > A♯ > B. This lands us on a natural B. No sharps or flats.
F# Gb Chords
2. From the B chord, the next step is another whole Tone: B > C > C♯. Remember, there is no B♯ or E♯ !
Major/Minor/Diminished chords: You can follow the pattern M-mi-mi-M-M-mi-dim-M to figure out which chords are major, minor, and diminished. Our pattern says the second, third and sixth chords are minor. That means our B is a Bm, our C♯ is a C♯m and our F♯ is an F♯m. Let's update our chart:
Finally, we can add our diminished seventh chord and our chart for the key of A is complete! We now know what the seven chords are in this key.
F Sharp Or G Flat Minor On Guitar: Chord Shapes, Minor Scale, Songs In The Key Of F Sharp Or G Flat Minor
Let's chart one more key: Even though this key might use flats (spoiler: it does!) we will still be using sharps to move up to the next semitone for now, just like the last chart. I always start with sharps until I discover which accidental the key actually uses. I will show you how to figure this out for yourself in a moment 1. We will start in the key of F and fill in all of our chords using only one of each letter in alphabetical order:
4. Here is where things get interesting! Our next move is to go up one Semitone. Since we are using sharps to move up, you would normally go from A > A♯, but we cannot do that because it would give us
A chords. As you know, we can only have ONE of each letter in our chart. If you have filled in your letters, you will see that there is already a B waiting there.
B Flat Minor 7th Sharp 5 Guitar Chord
!!!Now we know we are working in flats instead of sharps!!! 5. Back to our pattern, we go up another whole Tone from B♭ > B > C. Remember, there is no C♭!
So now what? Remember our cord sheet of The Lazy Song? If we used the chords that this contributor suggested, our chord chart for the key of B would look like this:
E chords. This is what happens when you write music and mix sharps and flats - you end up mixing keys! The key to knowing whether you need a sharp or a flat is to
G Sharp Dominant 7th Flat 5 Guitar Chord
If we take that key of B and write out our notes alphabetically, we would know that we need a D in the third spot like so:
Just follow your T T S T T T S pattern to determine your sharps or flats and then fill in your minor and diminished chords and you have correctly charted this key:
What key am I in? Before you can write chord sheets, you have to figure out what key the song is in. This can be a simple answer or a complex one, depending on the song! Some songs switch keys in odd places, then switch back. Some pieces borrow chords from other keys throughout the whole song! There are a couple of rules that will help you determine what key you are writing in. 1. This may sound over simplified, but the first and/or last chord that is played in a song will often be the key you are in. Take our Bruno Mars song for example. It starts and ends on B. 2. How many chords match? If you have three or four chords from the key of B that match with the song, then your song is in the key of B, even if it doesn't start with that chord. Take a look at this version of Runaway by Ed Sheeran. The song does not start with a B chord, but it contains a G♯m, C♯m, E, F♯ and B. This is a pretty good indicator that the song is in the key of B. This can also be referred to as the key of G♯m. It is called a relative minor. The sixth note on our chord chart will always be our relative minor. You should be able to use our patterns now to write out the rest of your chord chart! There are only a few more things to know before we are finished: 1. There is not a separate key for every single note in our scale. For instance, there is no key of A♯, but there is the key of B♭ which sounds the same. The circle of
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